[推荐]C#图像处理(Image Processing using C#)
作者:作者不详  发布日期:2011/06/12 18:42:16
[推荐]C#图像处理(Image Processing using C#)

超赞的图片处理文章!!!

原文地址
示例下载
源码下载(VS2005)

简介

This is my sixth article in C#. I got impressed with a similar article, so I tried this. 


概述
这篇文章的目的是构建一个图像处理功能的类而使每一个C#程序员都能够使用。因为使用C#能够非常灵活的进行图像处理。
我们知道，当基于计算来移动像素或改变像素值的代码稍微有点复杂。

应用

ImageHandler类负责图像处理的相关操作，如保存、图像关联操作等。功能包括：获取图片信息、
缩放、色彩滤镜、亮度、反向、灰度、转换、裁贴、和插入文字、其它图片或几何图形。
Paint方法使用AutoScoolPosition属性发现滚动位置，使用AutoScrollMinSize属性进行设置。

1.Color Filter(色相)
关于色相的说明:
　　从光学意义上讲，色相差别是由光波波长的长短产生的。即便是同一类颜色，也能分为几种色相，如黄颜色可以分为中黄、土黄、
柠檬黄等，灰颜色则可以分为红灰、蓝灰、紫灰等。光谱中有红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫六种基本色光，人的眼睛可以 分辨出约180种不同色相的颜色。
颜色过滤是依照颜色的光谱吸收类别：短波长、长波长、混合波长；合并或形状裁贴；单色或变色的。
详见：http://baike.baidu.com/view/122648.htm

这个比较简单，只需要增加或减少每种颜色的值即可。
使图片中的另外两种颜色值减去255即可。比如,红色相中，保持红色值不变，而对绿色和蓝色分别减去255即可。

 
  

/// <summary>
/// 设置色相
/// </summary>
/// <param name="colorFilterType">色相类型</param>
public void SetColorFilter(ColorFilterTypes colorFilterType)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Color c;
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         int nPixelR = 0;
         int nPixelG = 0;
         int nPixelB = 0;
         if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Red)
         {
            nPixelR = c.R;
            nPixelG = c.G - 255;
            nPixelB = c.B - 255;
         }
         else if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Green)
         {
            nPixelR = c.R - 255;
            nPixelG = c.G;
            nPixelB = c.B - 255;
         }
         else if (colorFilterType == ColorFilterTypes.Blue)
         {
            nPixelR = c.R - 255;
            nPixelG = c.G - 255;
            nPixelB = c.B;
         }
         
         nPixelR = Math.Max(nPixelR, 0);
         nPixelR = Math.Min(255, nPixelR);
         
         nPixelG = Math.Max(nPixelG, 0);
         nPixelG = Math.Min(255, nPixelG);
         
         nPixelB = Math.Max(nPixelB, 0);
         nPixelB = Math.Min(255, nPixelB);
         
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)nPixelR, (byte)nPixelG, (byte)nPixelB));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


2.Gamma(曲线)
Gamma源于CRT（显示器/电视机）的响应曲线，即其亮度与输入电压的非线性关系。
Gamma 校正补偿了不同输出设备存在的颜色显示差异，从而使图像在不同的监视器上呈现出相同的效果。

详见 ：http://baike.baidu.com/view/476857.htm
  

/// <summary>
/// 曲线
/// </summary>
/// <param name="red">红</param>
/// <param name="green">绿</param>
/// <param name="blue">蓝</param>
public void SetGamma(double red, double green, double blue)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Color c;
   byte[] redGamma = CreateGammaArray(red);
   byte[] greenGamma = CreateGammaArray(green);
   byte[] blueGamma = CreateGammaArray(blue);
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(redGamma[c.R], greenGamma[c.G], blueGamma[c.B]));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取曲线数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="color">色彩</param>
/// <returns>数组</returns>
private byte[] CreateGammaArray(double color)
{
   byte[] gammaArray = new byte[256];
   for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
   {
      gammaArray[i] = (byte)Math.Min(255, (int)((255.0 * Math.Pow(i / 255.0, 1.0 / color)) + 0.5));
   }
   return gammaArray;
}



3. Brightness(亮度)
一种颜色的范围，表示它与一系列从很昏暗（黑）到很明亮（耀眼）的无色彩的颜色之间的相似处。
取值范围为-255到255之间。

  

/// <summary>
/// 设置亮度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="brightness">亮度,-255到+255之间的数值</param>
public void SetBrightness(int brightness)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   if (brightness < -255) brightness = -255;
   if (brightness > 255) brightness = 255;
   Color c;
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         int cR = c.R + brightness;
         int cG = c.G + brightness;
         int cB = c.B + brightness;
         
         if (cR < 0) cR = 1;
         if (cR > 255) cR = 255;
         
         if (cG < 0) cG = 1;
         if (cG > 255) cG = 255;
         
         if (cB < 0) cB = 1;
         if (cB > 255) cB = 255;
         
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)cR, (byte)cG, (byte)cB));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


4.Contrast(对比度)
　　对比比率是屏幕上同一点最亮时（白色）与最暗时（黑色）的亮度的比值，高的对比度意味着相对较高的亮度和呈现颜色的艳丽程度。
　　品质优异的LCD显示器面板和优秀的背光源亮度，两者合理配合就能获得色彩饱满明亮清晰的画面。

contrast.jpg contrast.jpg

/// <summary>
/// 设置对比度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="contrast">对比度,-100到+100之间的数值</param>
public void SetContrast(double contrast)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   if (contrast < -100) contrast = -100;
   if (contrast > 100) contrast = 100;
   contrast = (100.0 + contrast) / 100.0;
   contrast *= contrast;
   Color c;
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         double pR = c.R / 255.0;
         pR -= 0.5;
         pR *= contrast;
         pR += 0.5;
         pR *= 255;
         if (pR < 0) pR = 0;
         if (pR > 255) pR = 255;
         
         double pG = c.G / 255.0;
         pG -= 0.5;
         pG *= contrast;
         pG += 0.5;
         pG *= 255;
         if (pG < 0) pG = 0;
         if (pG > 255) pG = 255;
         
         double pB = c.B / 255.0;
         pB -= 0.5;
         pB *= contrast;
         pB += 0.5;
         pB *= 255;
         if (pB < 0) pB = 0;
         if (pB > 255) pB = 255;
         
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb((byte)pR, (byte)pG, (byte)pB));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


5. Grayscale(灰度)
　　灰度使用黑色调表示物体。 每个灰度对象都具有从 0%（白色）到 100%（黑色）的亮度值。 使用黑白或灰度扫描仪生成的图像通常以灰度显示。

  

/// <summary>
/// 设置灰度
/// </summary>
public void SetGrayscale()
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Color c;
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         byte gray = (byte)(.299 * c.R + .587 * c.G + .114 * c.B);
         
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(gray, gray, gray));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


6. Invert(底片效果)

用255减去每个色彩元素的值。例如，当前像素红色为00,则设置其值为FF(FF=255-0)。
  

/// <summary>
/// 底片
/// </summary>
public void SetInvert()
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Color c;
   for (int i = 0; i < bmap.Width; i++)
   {
      for (int j = 0; j < bmap.Height; j++)
      {
         c = bmap.GetPixel(i, j);
         bmap.SetPixel(i, j, Color.FromArgb(255 - c.R, 255 - c.G, 255 - c.B));
      }
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}



7. Resize(缩放)

  

/// <summary>
/// 缩放
/// </summary>
/// <param name="newWidth">宽</param>
/// <param name="newHeight">高</param>
public void Resize(int newWidth, int newHeight)
{
   if (newWidth != 0 && newHeight != 0)
   {
      Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
      Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(newWidth, newHeight, temp.PixelFormat);
      
      double nWidthFactor = (double)temp.Width / (double)newWidth;
      double nHeightFactor = (double)temp.Height / (double)newHeight;
      
      double fx, fy, nx, ny;
      int cx, cy, fr_x, fr_y;
      Color color1 = new Color();
      Color color2 = new Color();
      Color color3 = new Color();
      Color color4 = new Color();
      byte nRed, nGreen, nBlue;
      
      byte bp1, bp2;
      
      for (int x = 0; x < bmap.Width; ++x)
      {
         for (int y = 0; y < bmap.Height; ++y)
         {
            
            fr_x = (int)Math.Floor(x * nWidthFactor);
            fr_y = (int)Math.Floor(y * nHeightFactor);
            cx = fr_x + 1;
            if (cx >= temp.Width) cx = fr_x;
            cy = fr_y + 1;
            if (cy >= temp.Height) cy = fr_y;
            fx = x * nWidthFactor - fr_x;
            fy = y * nHeightFactor - fr_y;
            nx = 1.0 - fx;
            ny = 1.0 - fy;
            
            color1 = temp.GetPixel(fr_x, fr_y);
            color2 = temp.GetPixel(cx, fr_y);
            color3 = temp.GetPixel(fr_x, cy);
            color4 = temp.GetPixel(cx, cy);
            
            // Blue
            bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.B + fx * color2.B);
            
            bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.B + fx * color4.B);
            
            nBlue = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
            
            // Green
            bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.G + fx * color2.G);
            
            bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.G + fx * color4.G);
            
            nGreen = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
            
            // Red
            bp1 = (byte)(nx * color1.R + fx * color2.R);
            
            bp2 = (byte)(nx * color3.R + fx * color4.R);
            
            nRed = (byte)(ny * (double)(bp1) + fy * (double)(bp2));
            
            bmap.SetPixel(x, y, System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255, nRed, nGreen, nBlue));
         }
      }
      _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
   }
}


8. Rotating and Flipping(镜像)

  

/// <summary>
/// 翻转
/// </summary>
/// <param name="rotateFlipType">图像的旋转方向和用于翻转图像的轴。</param>
public void RotateFlip(RotateFlipType rotateFlipType)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   bmap.RotateFlip(rotateFlipType);
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


9. Crop(裁剪)
 
  

/// <summary>
/// 裁剪
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xPosition">X起始点</param>
/// <param name="yPosition">Y起始点</param>
/// <param name="width">宽</param>
/// <param name="height">高</param>
public void DrawOutCropArea(int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height)
{
   _bitmapPrevCropArea = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)_bitmapPrevCropArea.Clone();
   Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
   Brush cBrush = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(150, Color.White)).Brush;
   Rectangle rect1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, _currentBitmap.Width, yPosition);
   Rectangle rect2 = new Rectangle(0, yPosition, xPosition, height);
   Rectangle rect3 = new Rectangle(0, (yPosition + height), _currentBitmap.Width, _currentBitmap.Height);
   Rectangle rect4 = new Rectangle((xPosition + width), yPosition, (_currentBitmap.Width - xPosition - width), height);
   gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect1);
   gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect2);
   gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect3);
   gr.FillRectangle(cBrush, rect4);
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}



 

/// <summary>
/// 裁剪
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xPosition">X点位置</param>
/// <param name="yPosition">Y点位置</param>
/// <param name="width">宽度</param>
/// <param name="height">高度</param>
public void Crop(int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   if (xPosition + width > _currentBitmap.Width)
   width = _currentBitmap.Width - xPosition;
   if (yPosition + height > _currentBitmap.Height)
   height = _currentBitmap.Height - yPosition;
   Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone(rect, bmap.PixelFormat);
}


10. Inserting Text, Any Other Images and Shapes(插入文字或其它图像或形状)
 
  

/// <summary>
/// 插入文字
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text">要插入的文字</param>
/// <param name="xPosition">X位置</param>
/// <param name="yPosition">Y位置</param>
/// <param name="fontName">字体</param>
/// <param name="fontSize">大小</param>
/// <param name="fontStyle">类型</param>
/// <param name="colorName1">颜色</param>
/// <param name="colorName2">颜色</param>
public void InsertText(string text, int xPosition, int yPosition, string fontName, float fontSize, string fontStyle, string colorName1, string colorName2)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontName))
   fontName = "Times New Roman";
   if (fontSize.Equals(null))
   fontSize = 10.0F;
   Font font = new Font(fontName, fontSize);
   if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontStyle))
   {
      FontStyle fStyle = FontStyle.Regular;
      switch (fontStyle.ToLower())
      {
         case "bold":
         fStyle = FontStyle.Bold;
         break;
         case "italic":
         fStyle = FontStyle.Italic;
         break;
         case "underline":
         fStyle = FontStyle.Underline;
         break;
         case "strikeout":
         fStyle = FontStyle.Strikeout;
         break;
         
      }
      font = new Font(fontName, fontSize, fStyle);
   }
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName1))
   colorName1 = "Black";
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName2))
   colorName2 = colorName1;
   Color color1 = Color.FromName(colorName1);
   Color color2 = Color.FromName(colorName2);
   int gW = (int)(text.Length * fontSize);
   gW = gW == 0 ? 10 : gW;
   LinearGradientBrush LGBrush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(0, 0, gW, (int)fontSize), color1, color2, LinearGradientMode.Vertical);
   gr.DrawString(text, font, LGBrush, xPosition, yPosition);
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


插入图像
/// <summary>
/// 插入图像
/// </summary>
/// <param name="imagePath">要插入的图像路径</param>
/// <param name="xPosition">X位置</param>
/// <param name="yPosition">Y位置</param>
public void InsertImage(string imagePath, int xPosition, int yPosition)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
   if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(imagePath))
   {
      Bitmap i_bitmap = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(imagePath);
      Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(xPosition, yPosition, i_bitmap.Width, i_bitmap.Height);
      gr.DrawImage(Bitmap.FromFile(imagePath), rect);
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}



插入图形
/// <summary>
/// 插入形状
/// </summary>
/// <param name="shapeType"></param>
/// <param name="xPosition"></param>
/// <param name="yPosition"></param>
/// <param name="width"></param>
/// <param name="height"></param>
/// <param name="colorName"></param>
public void InsertShape(string shapeType, int xPosition, int yPosition, int width, int height, string colorName)
{
   Bitmap temp = (Bitmap)_currentBitmap;
   Bitmap bmap = (Bitmap)temp.Clone();
   Graphics gr = Graphics.FromImage(bmap);
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colorName))
   colorName = "Black";
   Pen pen = new Pen(Color.FromName(colorName));
   switch (shapeType.ToLower())
   {
      case "filledellipse":
      gr.FillEllipse(pen.Brush, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
      break;
      case "filledrectangle":
      gr.FillRectangle(pen.Brush, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
      break;
      case "ellipse":
      gr.DrawEllipse(pen, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
      break;
      case "rectangle":
      default:
      gr.DrawRectangle(pen, xPosition, yPosition, width, height);
      break;
      
   }
   _currentBitmap = (Bitmap)bmap.Clone();
}


翻译转自CSDN: http://topic.csdn.net/u/20090420/00/4042e404-e802-45f7-8b25-c7fbc5a81c76.html

本文来源：
参考文档：

图像处理业务逻辑CImageLibrary类(C/S框架网开源)
C#.NET 处理SQL特殊数据类型Geography/Geometry/Hierarchyid/XML
C#多线程异步处理数据通用界面窗体(frmThreadOperating)
C#异步操作等待窗体，异步多线程处理数据通用界面（frmThreadOperating）
C#框架推荐-C/S框架网原创快速开发平台系列产品
通用图片处理类CImageLibrary,预设存储JPG格式|C/S框架网
C#.NET 处理字符串数据去左右空格、全角转半角
C#使用using语法自动关闭SQLConnection数据库连接
C#SQL客户端处理大文本数据通用接口
C# ImageListView控件下载(源代码)
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C# WebService异步处理/异步调用详解
C#创建批处理文件并自动运行
学习C#.NET推荐几本书籍
C#多线程处理多个队列的数据(交叉线程访问及Invoke方法使用)
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